Osmosis

The purpose of this essay was to test polar solute submergings on the rate of osmosis. Artificial carrels were change with different solute concentrations and located in pissing and weighed at equal time intervals to visualize how the peeing moves crosswise electric cell membranes and down its concentration gradient into the start come forward concentrated area. The ladings of the cells were recorded to each one interval, and then the rate of osmosis was found by calculating the corrected additive change in incubus.The prediction do was that the cells with the higher solute concentrations ould work a higher rate of osmosis and the cell filled with pee and placed in 40% sucrose resolving power would have the highest detrimental freight change. Introduction The diffusion of free water across a selectively semipermeable membrane is called osmosis. A selectively permeable membrane allows certain substances to cross it more easily than others (Reece, et al. 2011). Osmosis is an important crop to cells because the cells are continuously trying to achieve concentration equilibrium.The tonicity of a firmness of purpose is the ability to cause a cell to gain or lose water molecules (Reece, et al. 2011). If a cell is in an isotonic solution, the cell does not gain or lose any water molecules, causation the net gain of weight to be zero. If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, there is a higher solute concentration in the cell, qualification water molecules move into the cell to help sieve equilibrium. This causes the cell to gain weight. If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, there is a higher solute concentration outside the cell, making water molecules leave the cell to attain equilibrium. This causes the cell to lose weight.Other factors, give care the temperature, the particle sizing and the concentration gradient affect the rate of osmosis. An change magnitude temperature can add the rate of osmosis and osmotic pressure (T raxler 1928). Also, the particle sizing deter houres what can pass through the selectively permeable membrane the transmit imbedded in the membrane can only accommodate certain molecules ground on size and function. Finally, the concentration gradient affects the rate of osmosis because the rate depends on how high the concentration of the solute is the higher the concentration, the faster water moves to that concentrated area.Materials and Methods The materials call for for this experiment are v strips of Spectra/Por 4 dialysis ubing with a pore size of 4. 8 angstroms, ten clamps, five beakers labeled 1 through 5, a graduated cylinder, and 20%, 40%, and 60% sucrose solutions. The experiment begins by softening up the dialysis tubes by soaking them in a beaker of water. When softened, erode the dialysis tubes between your fingers to reveal the opening and clamp the mated end. Add 10 mL of the appropriate solution to each bag, squeezing the piece of cake out of the tube to mak e sure there are no air bubbles when clamping the other end of the tube.Three of these bags allow for be filled with 20%, 40% and 60% sucrose solutions. The other two bequeathing contain water. press each bag on a appropriate solution, Just ample to cover the bag four will have water and the ordinal beaker will hold 40% sucrose. The bags containing 20%, 40% and 60% will be placed in water, as well as wholeness bag filled with water the bag of water in water will act as your control. The other bag of water will be placed in the beaker containing 40% sucrose solution. Place the five bags in their rightful beaker simultaneously and record the time.Every ten minutes the bags should be removed, blotted to get the excess solution off and then weighed. Continue advisement the bags every ten minutes or ninety minutes. To minimize observational error, the temperature must be the same for all beakers and the bags must be blotted onwards weighed as much as possible to get the excess solution off. Also, the same amount of solution should be put into each beaker. Results The increase in the rate of osmosis is due to the different concentrations of sucrose, as shown in habitus One.This figure shows the weight change over time for the 20%, 40%, 60% and water in 40% sucrose solution. The results of the total weight change were 20% sucrose in water= 5. 47 g 40% sucrose in water= 7. 31 g 60% sucrose in water= 7. 8 g Water in 40% sucrose= -4. 08 g The points plotted were used to calculate the rate of osmosis by finding the slope of the best fit line of each test. The results for the rates of osmosis were 20% sucrose in water= . 0551 g/min 40% sucrose in water= . 0728 g/min 60% sucrose in water= . 0811 g/min water in 40% sucrose= -. 68 g/min The slopes have an increase pattern as the sucrose concentration goes up. This means that the rate increases as the sucrose concentration increases. The corrected cumulative change in weight relates to the osmotic rate because it is divided by the time. The snap affects the rate because, if the direction of osmosis changes the rate becomes negative. Discussion The results show that the solute concentration of the solution affects the rate of osmosis because the large the concentration gradient, the faster osmosis occurs.This makes sense because the farther the cell is from osmotic equilibrium, it will gain weight faster (McCutcheon 1926). This supported our prediction. The increase in osmotic rate because of an increase in solute concentration is because water moves from a solution of low solute concentration to a solution with high solute oncentration. This means water rushes into a solute of higher concentration faster than a low concentration. This is why the artificial cell with 60% sucrose solution had the highest corrected cumulative change in weight and the fastest osmotic rate.The artificial cell containing water in 40% sucrose solution had a negative osmotic rate because water was leaving the cel l and osmosis was occurring in the opposite direction. In this experiment, only one bag of water was placed in 40% sucrose solution. In other experiments, adding two more bags of water and placing them in 0% and 60% sucrose solutions could be tested to externalise if the rate of osmosis is similar performed to show temperature is a factor in osmotic rates by having the same solute concentration in solutions and placing bags filled with water into them, each having a distinct temperature.References McCutcheon M, Lucke B. The Kinetics of Osmotic Swelling in Living Cells. Laboratory of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. 1926. Reece JB, Urry LA, Cain ML, Wasserman SA, Minorsky PV, Jackson RB. Campbell Biology. Ninth ed. Pearson Education, Inc. 2011. Traxler RN. The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Osmosis. Journal of Physical Chemistry. 1928. 1 . This graph shows the corrected cumulative change in weight taken every ten minutes to study the rate of osmosis. . Th e data was collected by measuring the weight of each bag after 10 minutes and finding the conflict in weight between the start of the experiment and each ontogeny of time. 3. The graph shows that the higher in concentration of sucrose, the faster the rate of osmosis occurs meaning that concentration and rate of osmosis are directly related. Also, this graph displays the opposite occurrence when water was placed into sucrose, but is still directly related.