Allowabe size and configuration of sidewalk cafes in NYC Essay

Allowabe size and configuration of sidewalk cafes in NYC - Essay ExampleThey have been instrumental in giving feasible solutions to idealized proposals of cultural entities and the government. Architects atomic number 18 instrumental in responding to the concerns of both the commercial entities and the public in giving an integrated policy (Loukaitou-Sideris & Ehrenfeucht, 2009). In addition, cultural forces have agitated for a traditionalistic architectural setting whereby culture is integrated into daily activities. This calls for sidewalk spaces that can allow for setting of public emblems and interaction. On the other hand, commercial activities constrain the harvest of culture in towns.Academics have complained of the sidewalk policy as ignoring the preferences of the public and consumers. It also ignores the concept of free markets whereby commercial activities control the space in which they interlace in the same (McEachern, 2008). This criticism rides on the idea that the government and academics make assumptions of problems in the city. This ignores the feelings of the public of whom the changes are made for the same. This suggests that the public should push for proposals of improving their interests in the city. In this sense, the public pulls away the stake from the academics. Other critiques herald the policy as one-sided since it only concentrates on the public and constrains the growth of small businesses (Kleniewski & Thomas,

The characteristics of small business owners&8223, and the nature of Essay

The char benderistics of lessened business owners, and the nature of low-spirited business in general - Essay role modelSmall businesses are unremarkably sole proprietorship companies that are run by individuals or families. The success of small businesses largely depends on their owners and the resources available to them (English, 2006). in that respect are umteen sexually attractive characteristics of small business owners, namely (a) opportunity seekers, (b) risk-takers, (c) persistent, (d) committed to work, (e) goal setters, (f) information seekers, (g) knows how to demand for quality and efficiency, (h) good in supplying and monitoring, (i) persuasive and knows how to communicate ideas, and (j) confident ((English, 2006 English and Moate, 2009 Deakins, and Freel, 2009). To get a clearer picture of how small businesses work and what important characteristics small business owners should have, let us hash out these things one by one. II. Characteristics of Small Busines ses in General One of the main advantages of small businesses is flexibility and the ability to move quickly (Deakins, and Freel, 2009). Note that in small businesses, the owners are normally at the helm of the operations and can decide immediately on issues concerning the business. Also, in small businesses, there are very few management levels which make decision-making processes less complicated (Deakins, and Freel, 2009). Since small businesses are flexible, it can easily jump into certain opportunities. ... This kind of open and fluid communication is usually absent in bigger companies so it takes longer time for bigger companies to decide on certain production issues and meet the demands of the market. Small businesses have many disadvantages but they also have disadvantages. One of the biggest disadvantages of small businesses is limited capital. Most small businesses are financed directly from the pocket of their owners so they do not usually have that much start-up capital (Gerber, 2001). Generating capital through bank loans may also prove to be quite a challenge for small businesses since they establishments do not have enough assets to serve as guarantee for loans (Gerber, 2001). In most cases, small business owners have to mortgage their personal properties to finance their businesses. Since small businesses have limited capital, these establishments may find it difficult to development their products properly and reach their target market efficiently (Gerber, 2001). Operating on shoe-string budget ofttimes takes its toll on small businesses and many of these establishments go bankrupt during the first six months of operation. III. Characteristics of Small Business Owners Running a small business is thought-provoking and it takes a special breed of entrepreneurs to set-up and run this kind of establishment. According to Zahra et al. (2009), running a small business is like running a guerilla legions with limited resources in a flexible environme nt that allows the entrepreneur to innovate and be creative. As earlier mentioned in this essay, there are many desirable characteristics of small business owners. In order to survive in a very competitive market, small business owners must know how to spot opportunities and act

Social environmental accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social environmental accounting - Essay ExampleThe union has employed various internal management accounting systems and techniques in relation to the social and environmental issues facing it (Marinova, Annandale, & Phillimore 2010).One of such system includes acting responsibly. This involves Aviva policy using scientific research on the social and environmental impacts responsibly and engaging in good governance and management of the organization (Dalal-Clayton & Sadler 2014). It is important for organizations to counterbalance possible environmental, social and economic impacts, risks and opportunities across the economic, social and economic spheres. This is a highly complex task to Aviva, its managers and the society at large. The complexity that is brought about by this is made more difficult through the requirement to identify the significance of various types and even time horizons of the consequences. There may be instances where there is a positive overall societal, envi ronmental and economic outcome while other activities leads to a positive outcome on one side and negative outcome on the other. Organizations, therefore, face difficulties in coming up with strategy and actions to balance the environmental, social and also their economic sustainability. Managers in Aviva recognize this and ensure that it is highly integrate in the decision-making processedmaking it to be within the organizations acceptablebehavior and impacts of a society (Burritt 2011).The second internal management accounting system is providence for various environmental projects. The organization through its management overseas the Aviva community funds to sustain the economic, societal and environmental aspects of the society (Docherty, Kira, & Shani 2008). The organization is also pertain in the management of its environmental costs. The organization is increasingly becoming aware of their environmental sustainability responsibility in the society. This is considering that

Zara Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Zara Business - Essay ExampleFrom there it expanded into 79 countries with 1,830 stores all across Asia, Europe, Africa and America (Qureshi, Store Wars Zara and Mango, 2012).Its main condense has always been creativity, quality of design and rapid response time. Zaras main target customers have always been young, price-conscious people who argon very sensitive to in vogue(p) fashion trends. According to the article Analyzing Zaras Business ensample its product line is divided in to 60% for women, 25% for men and 15% stiff growing children (Analysing Zaras business model , 2011). Main customers of Zara are middle class urban women for whom fashion means everything. The customers of this particular brand wants trendy, fashionable and unparalleled outfits at an affordable price and up to date with the new up coming fashion trends. Another unique characteristic of this particular brand is that they suck in very less time in identifying and bringing their products to shelves that i s with in 30 days where as others may take virtually 3-4 months (Analysing Zaras business model , 2011). This is likely mainly due to their control on garment supply chain from design to retail unlike many other competitive stores. It is possible as most of the manufacturing is being done in-house. 50% of the products are produced in house where as 46% are enclose out into ready to press cutting pieces (Roux, 2002) Zaras core mission has always been a blend of creative, quality and rapid response to market demands. To achieve this a business model was framed that depended on twain main points. One being quick response to changing fashion and second being involvement of employees at a jumbo scale. For instance a store manager could decide which clothes to put on sale in that particular store according to the response of customers shop there. The vaiety of clothing also becomes a main selling point of the brand. In the article Reign of Spain the author talks about how a model n eer stays in the shop for more than four weeks. This increases the visists of the customers, for Zaras its 17 times a year where as for other similar competitive stores its further 3 to 4 times a year (Roux, 2002). In around four to five weeks new collections are available. Its designer team comprises of around 2 thousand designers which produce 12,000 models each year for sale which are designed kept in mind customer preferences, wishes and demands. Since every four weeks the stores are hit by new models the quantity produced of each model is very less making it a unique piece which makes customers rush to stores to grab them ahead they run out this has made its customers in to serious impulse buyers. Unlike other brands Zara spends very less on advertisement which is around 0.3% of its total taxation unlike other competitors which spend around 3-4%. Instead they spend heavily on their stores which are located in prime locations of cities. The complany is built upon a vertically integrate demand and supply chain while most textile chains rely on outsourcing and cheap labor in China. Vertically integrated are companies that are linked together by a single owner it gives Zara a greater control over the whole process from industriousness to retail which helps it fulfill its main idea of its business plan which is to respond quickly to demands and fashion trends. The operational cycle of Zara includes three main basic move ordering, fulfillment and design and manufacturing. Each store places order twice a week to headquarters to replenish items and for new stocks. These orders are sent to stores in two days. The design and manufacturing goes throughout the year. New models are continously hitting stores unlike other competitive firms that lauch collections for just summer, spring, fall and winter. Another competitive

Comparing and contrasting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Comparing and contrasting - Essay ExampleThe appellant was not accountable to his clients within a reasonable time in that he did not make the necessary payments to his clients and other practitioners within a reasonable time. There was also failure to reflect all financial transactions in the books of accounts and delay with the payments of trust money to clients after due demand without any lawful reason.The orders of the court in this case were that the striking the appellants name off the place of attorney was substituted and instead the appellant was suspended from practicing for one year. He was also not found guilty of unprofessional, dishonorable or unworthy have a bun in the oven by the court.In the Davey case, the Law society brought against Meumann White a number of complaints before the court that include touting for work and ar thereby engaging in take in which is likely to attract business unfairly. By securing work through conferring benefits upon estate agents in order to induce them to channel work for Meumann White they were guilty of conduct which impairs their independence by creating conflicts of interest which is explicitly prohibited by the Prevention and Combating of Corrupt Activities Act. MWs extensive expenditure is directed at securing instructions for the degraded this is the premeditated and disguised scheme to buy work in order to derived significant direct financial benefit as a result.The court gave its impression ad concluded that in all the circumstances of the case brought by the law society that MW has not been guilty of any wrongdoing. The court laid fling off a test for permissible advertising which is of the nature that is calculated to attract business unfairly and this is the only restraint placed on the entitlement of an attorney to advertise.They are both applications by the society concerned for the attorneys to be struck off the roll of attorneys or they be suspended from practice by the

Ethnographic essay about smokers Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethnographic about bay windowrs - Essay ExampleSmoking becomes more than acceptable in other nuance and this could explain why there are more smokers in certain group of people compared to others. To illustrate, I will compare my two friends basin and Jose. crapper is a Caucasian whose roots hailed from Louisiana and we can say that John is all-American by ethnical background and orientation. Jose on the other hand is an immigrant from Mexico and prides himself as Mexican. John and Jose are of the same age bracket of 17 years old. John hates smoking while Jose is a chain smoker. When asked why John hates smoking, he replied that it is breakneck to his health and that it stinks. He also narrated that his parents will not also tolerate him if he smokes and that there will be dire consequences if he will smoke such as cutting off his allowance. This is a concern shared by the American general public as they are now befitting more health conscious with parents who generally dislik e smoking.Jose on the other hand is more relaxed on his attitude about smoking. He said he knows that smoking is dangerous to ones health but he reasoned that everybody dies anyway. He explained further that smoking is more acceptable among Mexicans because it makes them look more macho or manly. It is important to stress here that manliness or being macho is more important among Mexicans than Americans. According to Jose, smoking is part of that cultural thing to look like a real man. He said that among Mexicans, parents are not that strict about their children who will smoke. This observation is validate with most of Joses male friends smoke at an early age.Another ethnographic profile of smokers is those people who are in need of stimulants to do a certain job. They are the type of people whose vocation a lot of thinking and imagination that they need to be in a mood to do it. Thus, a stimulant or a relaxing tool, such as cigarette is common for

Roman Art Essay Example for Free

Ro cosmos Art EssayThe ancient Greeks and Romans left much(prenominal) artistic treasures in art and architecture that the world is still using them as models. Their sense of style and symmetry was such that everything seemed to fit together perfectly. on that point was an emphasis on the capture of beauty and perfection so that what is left will always be classic art. The Statue of Meleager and A Grave bulls eye be perfect examples of how statues from two diametrical empires represent the societies and the artistic periods of their day. Two unknown sculptures raises both The Statue of Meleager and A Grave Marker.Lack of records is a sad fact of much(prenominal) of the artistic works of the ancient periods. Many could not read or write even if they were accomplished artist. The records that were kept keep up had to constantly battle the testify of quantifys. Much of the materials used for writings simply could not stand up to the elements of time. Then of course, many important documents were destroyed each time a different empire would overtake the one before it. So the world is left with incredible pieces of art work yet it will never know whose hold crafted it with such talent.These two statues are no different. It is evident by the craftsmanship that whoever carved them, were not armatures, but talented sculptures. Their works have remained, but the label and lives are lost forever. Since the sculptures identities are lost forever, there is no way of knowing who the patrons of these great works of art were. However, there surely would have been a patron of each of the works. The sculpture of a youth from A Grave Marker has been recognized as being from circa three hundred and eighty B. C. Since it is a grave marker, there surely would have been a patron.It would have been commissioned after the death of this girlish man since the death of one so young would not have been expected. The patron would have been wealthy since many of the grave s in ancient Greece were not marked at all. This one proclaims wealth and importance. withal though the Greeks tried hard to not have a social hierarchy, There was a notable social mobility for certain groups, and exception not permitted in ancient Greece. (DAmbre) The fact that the subject is a youth points toward some kind of family importance because he would not have lived long enough to have open up his own life and accomplishments.This grieving patron would have hired the best that Greece offered at the time. The sculpture would have to have known the subject to have created such a life like image. There were no photographs at the time so the work would have had to be done from shop. Therefore the sculpture would have also been in a state of mourning when the work was done. The Stature of Meleager would also most likely been commissioned by a patron. The time and materials that it as well ask to produce a work like this would not have been something that a sculpture would not have had the money to produce.It would have taken a great sleep with of time to sculpt and the artist would have needed money to live. This could have only been possible if he was paid for his services. This statue was produced during the Hellenistic Period which was a time that Greece was under Roman rule. Since the subject is of a god, there is a possibility that the patron could have even been the government. The subjects and uses of A Grave Marker and the Statue of Meleager were quite different. A Grave Marker had a youth who was robbed of his life while young as the subject. He was obviously a real person, while Meleager was a mythological god.The young man, as stated earlier, would have been from a prominent family and possibly even a family that was involved in a high ranking political official. The purpose of the statue was to mark the grave of this young man. The family would have wanted this statue so that they would not forget him and that family throughout the ages would get to see the magnificence of this young man who died too soon. Not only would family be reminded of him, but the rest of the world as well would know that he existed. It would have also had the purpose to suffice relieve the grief that this family obviously suffered.There would be an image on which they could focus. This image would have captured this young man when he was at his best and so could the family focus on the best time of the subjects life. The Statue of Meleager would have had the purpose of illuminating the greatness of the Greek god, son of Althaea and Oeneus. He was married to Cleopatra and produced two children, Parthenopeus and Polydora. However, he was in love with Atalanta, a huntress. It was because of her that he had to kill her two brothers, and this led to his death. The purpose of this statue in society was to keep alive the memory of the gods of Greece.When viewed by a person of that culture, he/she would be reminded of the story of this god. Bot h statues would have been for public display. A Grave Marker would have been outwardly displayed on the grave and the Statue of Meleager would have been prominently displayed in a public place or the garden or courtyard of a wealthy person to be seen at lavish parties and get togethers. Both statues are made of marble so that they would last for many years. Therefore, they would have been made for display instead of decoration. more or less sculptures would have been painted, but the painted exterior of has worn away with time.Romans were nearly exclusive in the mixtures of supplies used both for painting and sculptures because of the cost. A Grave Marker is the oldest of the two sculptures. The sad countenance of the young man whose likeness is portrayed allows the viewer to experience the tragic sadness of a life that has been lost too soon. The lines are delicate and flowing while they create a feel of movement. While the hair seems tight and a little unrealistic, it could symbo lize the harsh ruggedness that is present in death. The statue only consist of the torso and head of the subject perhaps suggesting that he was cut down in life as he is in the statue.The Statue of Meleager is missing its head. However, the grace that the body can only allow the viewer to imagine the delicacy of what the head would have looked like. Meleager is standing, but instead of seeming harsh and erect, he is leaning slightly onto a stump for support, while a wrap is draped fluidly around his neck and shoulders. There are no harsh lines in this stature, only curves, that while delicate, they do not take away from the masculinity of the subject.Works CitedDAmbre, Eve. Roman Art. Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1998. Ramage, Nancy. Ramage, Andrew. Roman Art. spick-and-span York 2008.